ABSTRACT
In numerous doctor’s and therapist’s offices, in community childwelfare agencies, hospitals, typical and therapeutic schools, and other treatment sites there are countless files of at-risk, aggressive, and delinquent children and adolescents that may have lines like the following in them:
G lived with his parents until he was placed in a treatment center. His father reportedly used drugs and alcohol and was physically abusive to him and his mother. He had difficulties in school from the second grade and had problems making friends. At 14, G joined a gang and was caught in a robbery attempt.
