ABSTRACT
After the Greek insurrection (1821-1827) against the Ottoman Empire, France, Britain and Russia signed the London Protocol of 1832 that declared Greece to be a monarchical and independent state. Prince Frederick Otto of Wittelsbach, son of the philhellene King Ludwig I of Bavaria, became the first king of Greece. Following the establishment of the Greek kingdom, the country pursued the following aspirations:
1. Acceptance into the family of modern European nations.
