ABSTRACT

Nanotechnology or materials control in molecular scale. Is a gate opening to nature’s secrets in ale fields from engineering to medicine? In near future, in newly-made buildings, bricks may repair themselves facing with a crack inside. Also, machines may be covered with layers as strong as diamond to be protected against scratches. Physicians will be able to diagnose against scratches. Physicians will be able to diagnose hundred types of diseases, too, just by putting one blood drop in a machine and getting the result after a few seconds. Nanotechnology is controlled in a very smau world. Its purpose is to make objects, atom by atom, molecule by molecule, and from bottom to top, a way followed by molecule, and from bottom to top, a way followed by nature for million years. Nano is a scientific-prefix means “one-in-billion”, and its domain is “a billion in a meter”, a dimension in which all atoms are combined with one another and molecules impose crass effects on each other. The aim is that if human being can tell the atoms how to do alignment themselves and how to behave, he can control many features of a material. As we see in nature, carbon atoms in coal are turned in to diamond by changing their arrays, so that characteristics like color, strength, and breaking can be determined in atomic level. Scientists believe that if they can make

a brick atom by atom, they can treat its molecules in a way to repairer a possible crack, or to comply with wet weather by decreasing or increasing their porosity. Therefore, nanotechnology hopes to make all imaginable things from smallest cranes and motors to self-assembling metallic or plastic layers. For the first time in scientific imagination, because of recent progresses to see the world in nano scale, these stories will be reasonable. Many kinds of new microscopes and strong simulating computer programs, developed in recent ten years, made a revolution in nano technology; microscopes let scientists not only to see atoms, but also to replace them. Likewise scientists in Alemaden Research center relied no IBM, IN 1990, did a famous experiment through which they could write the word “IBM” BY 35 “Zenon” atoms. Nowdays, a team of IBM physicists announced another progress which makes circuits in atomic scale. This progress, named “Quantum Mirage”, shows that in formation can wirelessly move among solids. The new teel is: “eyes”, “Fingers”, and “pincers” that can work in nano world. Engineering Assistant, Evgene wang, in America science National Association reported on nanotechnology to parliament members.