ABSTRACT
The term tissue culture is used to describe culture of plant tissues under sterile conditions on top of or submerged in an artificial medium. Such media are composed of an aqueous solution of organic nutrients (usually sucrose), inorganic nutrients (often based on the formulation of macro-and micronutrients published by Murashige and Skoog [1962]), plant growth regulators (mostly a cytokinin and/or an auxin), and vitamins. The medium may be either liquid, or by addition of agar semisolid. In tissue culture, excised plant organs (shoots, roots, embryos, meristems), callus, cells and even protoplasts can be cultured and the direction of their development can be controlled relatively easily.
