ABSTRACT
Mining can be both a threat and an opportunity to achieving SDG 14. It is a threat because it may contribute to biodiversity loss and ocean acidification (as a result of its atmospheric greenhouse gas emissions). It is an opportunity because it can supply the minerals needed to decarbonize our societies and provide clean energy for all humankind, and as a result, play a substantial role in ameliorating the impacts of climate change on the oceans.
The main mining-related activity that interacts with the oceans is the marine minerals sector, currently in the exploration (not mining) phase, with most exploration activity occurring in areas beyond national jurisdictions. There is an incredible opportunity to learn from past industries, mining and offshore, and to ‘get it right’, or as right as possible, from the start. This chapter outlines 12 key fronts for action through which the marine minerals sector can positively contribute to achieving SDG 14, and the main initiatives currently in place.
Marine mineral exploration/mining entities and investors must take the lead, prioritizing approaches that keep ocean health to the forefront of mind, while supporting the global transition to a decarbonised and eventually closed-loop economy.
