ABSTRACT
Neo-fascism is often used to discuss a condition that allegedly exists in parts of contemporary Eastern Europe. This chapter attempts to examine the existence and effects of neofascism requires a more accurate definition that can then be used to test hypotheses and assumptions. Fascism, according to James Gregor and others, is a political and socioeconomic phenomenon, with other important characteristics attached to these two main facets. The economic doctrine of fascism emphasizes a corporate organization of economic life that involves significant elements of public works, protectionism, and state control over economic activity. A disturbing characteristic of much of public opinion in post-Ceausescu Romania is a volatile mixture of fear, distrust, and jealousy that resembles the attitudes and values of fascism in the 1930s. The chapter explores the history of Romania is replete with elements of extreme nationalism, ethnochauvinism, agrarian populism, and native fascism.
