ABSTRACT
The bureaucratic model suggests several general hypotheses about Communist civil-military relations. The actual mix of Party control and supportive activity by the Party in armed forces should reflect the relative bargaining power of the Party and the military bureaucracies. Military leaders in Communist states, like bureaucrats everywhere, participate in politics along a range of issues, exercising influence through a variety of means. The conflict model of Party-military relations argues that the operations of the Party in the armed forces are the main source of Party-military conflict. Conflict between the revolutionary instructors and the military commanders erupted almost immediately. The strengthening of the civilian political institutions led to a much clearer differentiation of civil and military roles. This was first noticeable in the plaudits accorded to the military on Armed Forces Day. During the late 1960s, the focal point of Cuban domestic policy was the drive to produce a record 10 million tons of sugar in 1970.
