ABSTRACT
Civil-military relations specialists are plagued with similar problems. The military is told by the new leaders to forget the past, transform its role, image, and even its mission, and adapt to the new realities. In general, successor regimes rely on four complementary, interrelated, and even overlapping approaches to bring about and maintain civilian control over the military: depoliticization, departization, democratization, and professionalization. Depoliticization is taken to mean removing and keeping the military away from everyday party politics, and preventing it from taking public stands on political and policy-related public debates. In totalitarian regimes the military, like all other social institutions and organizations, were monopoliticized; that is, they were made to reflect and accept the one-party monopoly on power. Professionalization constitutes the fourth element in the efforts of Soviet and Yugoslav successor regimes to instill and maintain civilian control over the military. The military of the majority of post-Communist countries are likely to opt for the “Kemalist model.”
