ABSTRACT
Due to the globalization of trade through the Free Trade Agreement and rapid climate change patterns, promotes the transfer of virus from one country to another and its hosts and vectors, therefore, the diagnosis of viral diseases is getting more important now a days. The lack of general reliability of the methods of visual identification and the variability in the characteristic expression within the host plant, it is very difficult to detect virus infections in the plants. For effective management practices, it is necessary to reduce the spread of diseases, to monitor the health of the plants and detect pathogens in the initial stage. Because the symptoms of viral diseases are not different with great diversity and are confused with abiotic stresses, symptomatic diagnosis may not be appropriate. DNA-based (PCR, RCA) and serological methods (ELISA) now provide essential tools for accurate plant disease diagnosis, in addition to the traditional visual scouting for symptoms. From the last three decades, different forms of (ELISAs), has been developed based on serological principle, that have been widely used. Although serological and PCR-based methods are the most available and effective to confirm the diagnosis of the disease, volatile, provide immediate results and can be used to detect infections in 16asymptomatic stages. We explain how these tools will help plant disease management and complement serological and DNA-based methods.
