ABSTRACT
The previous decade brought photonic crystal waveguides to the attention of experts in the eld of nanobiophotonics-science and technology related to the design and manufacturing of nanostructure devices for generation, amplication, modulation, transmission, and detection of electromagnetic radiation for applications in biology and medicine [1-3]. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the utility of structures, called photonic crystal waveguides (PCWs) or photonic crystal bers (PCFs), we consider their optical and, more specically, sensing properties, which inspire researchers to carry out further investigation of PCWs and to search for applications of their newly-developed types. The unique properties of PCWs, such as tight localization of electromagnetic radiation and high optical nonlinearity, allow one
CONTENTS
1.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................1 1.2 Hollow-Core Photonic Crystal Waveguides ..............................................3 1.3 Manufacturing of PCWs ...............................................................................5 1.4 Photonic Crystal Sensors ..............................................................................8 1.5 Hollow-Core PCWs with a Big Grating Period ........................................ 12 1.6 Experimental Study of PCW Sensing Properties .................................... 16
1.6.1 Refractive Index Sensing ................................................................ 16 1.6.2 Absorption of the Guided Light .................................................... 18 1.6.3 Scattering of the Guided Light ....................................................... 20
1.7 Applications of PCWs ..................................................................................22 1.7.1 Example 1: Quality Analysis of Drinks ........................................22 1.7.2 Example 2: Selective Sugar Determination ..................................25 1.7.3 Example 3: Oxidase Glucose Sensing in Blood ........................... 27
1.8 Summary .......................................................................................................28 Acknowledgments ................................................................................................ 29 References ............................................................................................................... 29
to classify PCWs not only as optical waveguides but also as effective optical sensors with extraordinary sensing abilities [3].
