ABSTRACT
B NLS .................................................................................117 6.3.2 Applications of SN50 Peptide .........................................................119 6.3.3 kFGF MTS Aids in Translocation of Other Cargoes......................119 6.3.4 Identification of Translocation Activity of Integrin
β
h-Region....122 6.4 Mechanism of MTS Membrane Translocation............................................122 6.5 Methods for Attaching Cargo and Targeting Domains
to Translocating Peptides .............................................................................124 6.6 Cationic Translocating Peptides...................................................................127 6.7 Arginine-Proline-Rich Peptides as Translocating Peptides ........................129 6.8 Proline-Rich Peptides as Translocating Peptides ........................................130 6.9 Future Perspectives of Cell-Permeant Peptide Technology ........................130 References..............................................................................................................132
Advances in genomics and proteomics have led to the design of a significant number of therapeutic and diagnostic agents that target intracellular molecules. However, the delivery of such agents to the cytoplasm and nucleus is impeded by the cell membrane which is intrinsically impermeable to most peptides, proteins, and nucleic acids. To overcome this barrier, invasive techniques such as microinjection, electroporation, and application of pore-forming reagents have been used to introduce biologically active tools such as antibodies, synthetic peptides, and peptidomimetics into cells.
