ABSTRACT
The medical and pharmaceutical sciences have progressed greatly over the past several decades due to advances in biotechnology such as recombinant DNA techniques, monoclonal antibody production, and new chemical analysis techniques. An extensive, expanding understanding of molecular biology and clinical medicine has been achieved. We have begun to understand the basic mechanisms of the natural process of disease and the pharmacological actions of drugs and biologics. Together with the new biotechnologies, these fundamental insights have opened up a window of opportunity for biopharmaceutical development. Biotechnology has revolutionized research in biomedicine and created an entirely new field of pharmaceutical industry. Today, many proteins are produced through rDNA technology and used for the treatment and prevention of diseases such as cancer, autoimmune and neurologic diseases, infections, heart attacks, and genetic abnormalities. Furthermore, biotechnology has been used to improve the efficacy and safety of therapeutic biologics.
