ABSTRACT
Parkinson’s disease (PD) results primarily from the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. The culprits implicated in the neurodegeneration of PD are oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, misfolding of proteins, and disruption of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. Neurotoxin-based models, particularly those involving MPTP, have been important in elucidating the molecular cascade of cell death in dopaminergic neurons.
