ABSTRACT
This chapter describes situations that may call for specific hygienic requirements because people work in contact with animals (e. g., hunting, trapping, fishing) or in leisure time activities (recreational camping, exploring, mountaineering). Those continually exposed to infected animals should limit their direct skin con tact, but this is usually not done. For some pathogens, protection may come from a buildup of immunity. Where preparation, cooking, and storage of food outdoors is concerned, often general good sense and some practical tips will serve to pre vent foodbome illness from occurring. In other cases, those who receive the bare minimum of nutrition and live in close proximity to one another, especially under conditions of poor sanitation, are vulnerable to the spread of diarrheal infections. Such persons include workers in recreational camps, refugee camps, or concen tration camps, where food safety is only one of many issues facing the operators of the facilities. Military personnel and astronauts often work where access to good quality food is limited for operational reasons, but the possibilities of food bome and waterborne disease causing serious damage to missions is recognized. In both these areas, considerable efforts have been made to overcome these risks. The most extreme concern is for space travelers, where there is no outside help available, and extra care is taken to prepare and serve safe food and potable water.
