ABSTRACT

Wind energy is one of the fastest growing segments of the electricity market in many nations and this trend will likely continue as countries strive to reduce greenhouse gas emissions while meeting growing energy demands [1]. Research continues to predict the environmental consequences of new wind generation [2]–[4], compare impacts of different energy production technologies [5], consider methods for optimal placement of wind facilities [6], [7] and study the role wind should play in future energy strategies [8]–[11]. All of these activities require fundamental information that relates wind installations to the energy they produce and their impacts (both positive and negative) on economic, cultural, and environmental systems.