ABSTRACT
During the last decades, membrane technologies have emerged successfully in a wide range of application areas (water desalination and treatment, food processing industries, chemical industries, etc.) because they have shown huge potential to replace conventional separation techniques. Membrane operations can be used to achieve the different objectives of separation (i.e., concentration/clarication, purication, fractionation, extraction) but the coupling of a reactor and a membrane can also lead to a more sustainable reaction-separation process. In addition, membrane techniques can be operated at low temperatures (i.e., ambient or temperatures less than 50-80°C) and in continuous mode which limits start up and shut down procedures and leads to consistent product quality. Working at low temperatures permits to reduce the energy
CONTENTS
8.1 Introduction ................................................................................................ 217 8.2 Membrane Processes ................................................................................. 218 8.3 Implementation of Membrane-Based Separation Processes ............... 221
8.3.1 Process Analysis ............................................................................223 8.3.2 Experimental Investigation ..........................................................223 8.3.3 Modeling and Simulation .............................................................223
