ABSTRACT
The annual production of lignocellulosic matters has been estimated about, 1010 metric tons worldwide [2]. The main constituents of the lignocellulosic biomass are cellulose (a homopolymer of glucose), hemicellulose (a heteropolymer of pentoses and hexoses) and lignin (a polymer of phenyl propanoid units) [82]. These three polymers are strongly intermeshed and chemically bonded by non-covalent forces [112]. The polysaccharides (cellulose and hemicellulose) on average accounts for 55-75% on the dry weight basis in plant cell wall and can be deconstructed into simple sugars [142], organic acids, acetone and glycerol [21, 150] (Figure 9.1).
