ABSTRACT
This chapter presents classification & mode of action, indications & dermatological uses, formulations/presentation, dosages & suggested regimens, baseline investigations, considerations & monitoring, contraindications, cautions, important drug interactions, adverse effects & their management, use in special situations, and essential patient information of Hydroxycarbamide. Hydroxycarbamide was first synthesized in 1869 and then forgotten until 100 years later, when it was used to treat solid tumours. It was approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 1967 for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukaemia. Hydroxycarbamide is an S-phase specific antimetabolite that inhibits DNA synthesis through its action on ribonucleotide diphosphate reductase. Some effects of hydroxycarbamide may be mediated by nitric oxide. The licensed indications of hydroxycarbamide in the UK and USA are: chronic myeloid leukaemia, cancer of the cervix, and sickle cell disease. Most dermatological experience with hydroxycarbamide is as a monotherapy but there have been isolated reports of its use with other systemic treatment, including biologics.
