ABSTRACT
Water plays an ambiguous role in hydrocarbon fuel of internal combustion engines. On the one hand, simple dilution of petroleum or diesel fuel with water can significantly deteriorate technological characteristics of the fuel. As soon as water drops enter cylinders, the following phenomenon occurs: in the compression stroke when both valves are closed, the piston bears against the water plug when moving upward. The pressure inside the cylinder increases rapidly. The engine continues the cycle of bringing the connecting rod to the upper position. In fact, the pistons in one or several cylinders stop at once, and the crankshaft that continues rotating takes enormous loads. It bends connecting rods, breaks piston pins, and often breaks down itself. On the other hand, optimal water content in hydrocarbon fuel is defined by the standard technological norm of such fuel mixture, which is prepared by a special technique. Moreover, watercontaining fuel can have the potential energy, and nevertheless, the engines produce the same power as with additional amount of petroleum by the mass equaled to the mass of water added. Not only is there power gain but also benefit in fuel technological characteristics, such as fire safety, octane number, application temperature limits, possibility to use cheaper fuels, and so on. Such specificity of technological processes is ultimately defined by the mechanism of physicochemical transformations occurring on atom-molecular level [1, 2]. In this investigation, their possible evaluations are studied based on the concept of spatial-energy parameter (Рparameter).
