ABSTRACT
Two topical calcineurin inhibitors (TCIs), tacrolimus, and the ascomycin derivative pimecrolimus, have been developed for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD). Tacrolimus ointment (0.03%, 0.1%) and pimecrolimus cream (1%) are now commonly regarded as effective therapies for AD, and both compounds have been approved by the authorities of many countries for the treatment of this disease. Tacrolimus ointment is marketed with the tradename Protopic®, and pimecrolimus cream mainly with the tradename Elidel®. Other tradenames for topical pimecrolimus include Aregen®, Isaplic®, Rizan®, Ombex®, and Velov®. The indication for both tacrolimus ointment and pimecrolimus cream is treatment of AD not responsive to first-line treatment with corticosteroids, or when corticosteroids are contraindicated. In most countries the indication of tacrolimus ointment is for moderate to severe AD from the age of 2 years on, and for pimecrolimus cream for mild to moderate AD, also from the age of 2 years on. The indication for the use of these compounds in AD is until clearance of the lesion, and restarting the treatment when new symptoms occur.
