ABSTRACT
The pressure to use more renewable energies to mitigate climate change and to cope with still growing energy demands while fossil energy resources deplete brings new challenges for landscape planning (Dobbelsteen et al. 2011; Stremke and Koh 2011). A massive expansion of new infrastructures for renewable energy exploitation will modify the landscape and can affect the production of ecosystem services-the bene‚ts people derive from ecosystems (TEEB 2010). For example, biomass production may cause negative impacts on habitats and particularly on native species (Thornley 2006). Solar energy technologies and wind turbines can affect the visual landscape
CONTENTS
6.1 Introduction ................................................................................................ 111 6.2 Methods ....................................................................................................... 113
6.2.1 Case Study Area ............................................................................. 115 6.2.2 Mapping the General RET Potential ........................................... 117 6.2.3 Quanti‚cation and Valuation of Ecosystem Services ............... 118 6.2.4 Multicriteria Decision Analysis ................................................... 120 6.2.5 GIS-Based 3D Visualization of Alternative Scenarios .............. 120
6.3 Results ......................................................................................................... 121 6.3.1 Mapped Renewable Energy Potentials ....................................... 121 6.3.2 Mapped Potentials of Ecosystem Services’ Provision .............. 123 6.3.3 Scenarios Resulting from Multicriteria Decision Analysis ..... 124 6.3.4 GIS-Based 3D Landscape Visualization for Participatory
Decision Making ............................................................................ 126 6.4 Discussion and Conclusions .................................................................... 127 Acknowledgments .............................................................................................. 129 References ............................................................................................................. 129
aesthetic (Tsoutsos et al. 2005; Wolsink 2007), the latter potentially also reducing the recreational landscape quality by noise made by rotating turbine blades (Pedersen and Larsman 2008). In turn, the fear of these impacts obstructs the ful‚llment of possible renewable energy targets (MacKay 2009).
