ABSTRACT

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Worldwide pesticide usage has increased dramatically during the last three decades coinciding with changes in farming practices and the increasing intensive agriculture. This widespread use of pesticides for agricultural and nonagricultural purposes has resulted in the presence of their residues in various environmental matrices. Numerous studies have highlighted the occurrence and transport of pesticides and their metabolites in rivers [1], channels [2], lakes [1,3,4], sea [5,6], air [7-10], soils [11,12], groundwater [13,14], and even drinking water [15,16], proving the high risk of these chemicals to human health and environment.