ABSTRACT
This chapter aims to draw attention to the important work of Joanne Martin by mapping and discussing her three perspectives on culture – those of integration, differentiation and fragmentation – and illustrating their relevance for organization studies. Joanne Martin’s theory of culture in organizations was first introduced in her book Cultures in Organizations: Three Perspectives from 1992 and later more fully explicated in Organizational Culture: Mapping the Terrain from 2002. Culture from an integration perspective is what people in a group or organization share; it is the social glue that ties the organization together. Most researchers who adopt the integration perspective perceive strong unitary cultures as providing cultural clarity and consistency among members with the ambition to enhance organizational performance. Martin has devoted a great deal of her scholarly career to writings that criticise the academic process – both the institutional process of recruitment and advancement, the process of career development, and the academic production process itself.
