ABSTRACT
This chapter addresses broad issues of significant importance to the scientific and technological development of the continent. It focuses on the contentious policy choices faced individually or in concert by African countries to restructure and determine the pace and pattern of their socio-economic transformation. The chapter presents a broad view of the development climate of the continent and sets out in a constructive way the policy options necessary for bringing about genuine changes. It suggests how the international community can actively participate towards the realization of Africa's quest for self-reliant development. For science and technology to contribute to the socioeconomic transformation of a society, policy strategies in these areas must take adequate account of the nation's needs. This implies that national science and technology should be a reflection of long-term national goals and objectives and the overall economic and social development plans designed to achieve these aims.
