ABSTRACT
The counterinsurgency version of the Manwaring paradigm implies a narrow interpretation of "Actions Targeted On Ending The Conflict". This chapter examines the relevance of the paradigm and case studies for evolving military doctrine. Doctrines of organizing military force to win wars for the state come down to from Machiavelli through the German-American tradition of Clausewitz, Moltke, Schlichting and the systems theorists of the Second World War and its aftermath. American military doctrine for "Foreign Internal Defence and Development," for example, acknowledged no link between concentration of land ownership and the insurgencies of desperate peasants whose actions were attributed to Soviet and Communist influence. The challenge for peace force doctrine is to build a seamless framework of security to manage the full spectrum of violence: from organized military acts, through large-scale demonstrations and organized crime, to individual acts of political and social violence.
