ABSTRACT
This chapter considers population trends, developments in formation of working class and 'intelligentsia', social mobility. The political experience, outlook and mentality of the political leadership are crucial in the interpretation and mediation of social trends and political demands. The justification for focus on social trends is that it brings to fore some of important factors which limit foreign policy decisions and which may play part in policy formation. All commentators on the Soviet scene acknowledge the enhanced role of professional groups in society and politics. The maturation of the Soviet Union involves economic, social and political development. Social mobility, or the movement of individuals and their children between statuses and occupational positions, is a major component in securing social stability or fomenting unrest. The objectives of leadership are likely to be to minimize international conflict, and to reduce areas of stress, in order to secure increases in living standards.
