ABSTRACT
From 9 October 1938 to 14 March 1939, Carpatho-Ukraine, previously known as Subcarpathian Rus (Ruthenia), was an autonomous state. It was formed out of Czechoslovakia after the Munich Agreement and disappeared when Hitler allowed Hungary to overrun the territory. This chapter analyzes three main political orientations, which existed within the population at the time and which continue to shape attitudes toward the territory that is today mostly part of Ukraine’s Transcarpathia oblast. These orientations can be characterized as expressing the Rusyn, Ukrainian, and OUN (Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists) viewpoint. Each has since given rise to a retrospective interpretation of events and continues to fuel discussions about the cultural identity and political future of the region.
