Post-Remediation Site Management

This chapter concerns the management of contaminated sites after remedial operations have been completed, particularly where residual contaminants remain in situ. After several decades of remediation activity, it is now widely accepted that most remediation sites will require some form of long-term stewardship. In this context, long-term post remediation site management (PRSM) provides a mechanistic track to overall remediation/risk reduction success, and increased confidence that remediation objectives can be achieved going forward. Various approaches to long-term post remediation site management are set out herein; these include engineering controls (ECs), long-term monitoring (LTM), institutional controls (ICs), and monitored natural attenuation (MNA).