ABSTRACT
The aim of prodrug design is depended on optimizing the conditions to generate rational drug. The nitroreductases have been developed for prodrug strategies and nitro aromatic compounds are mostly used in the enzyme/prodrug combinations. Nitroreductase genes found most commonly in bacterial genomes and nitroreductase-like proteins also found rarely in archaea and some eukaryotic species. Nitroreductases can be used for various types of analytical methods at different applications. Designing of alternative prodrug compounds for nitroreductases is one of the active drug development field. The development of new nitroreductase from different sources and novel nitro functional group bearing prodrug candidates lead to improve the nitroreductase/prodrug combinations for the different types of cancer therapy. Prodrugs are described as chemically modified forms of the compounds that have low biological activity. The known antitubercular prodrugs are isoniazid, ethionamide, prothionamide, thiacetazone, isoxyl, para-aminosalicylic acid, pyrazinamide and delamanid.
