ABSTRACT
Climate change has led to three fundamental types of changes in a wide variety of ectothermic organisms that have been observed so widely that they have been referred to as rules. Zooplankton have shown changes consistent with these rules that are also some of the strongest of any group of organisms. This chapter discusses these three dimensions of response in the context of responses available to freshwater vs. marine zooplankton in different types of habitats. Many other abiotic and biotic factors also change both with warming and as zooplankton respond along these three dimensions. This can lead to the potential for the indirect effects of climate change to be more important than temperature in altering zooplankton survival, growth, and reproduction. By shifting their habitat to maintain more optimal temperatures, zooplankton may also alter their exposure to different types of predators or to damaging UV radiation.
