ABSTRACT
Ever since Freud’s time, there has been discussion about the differences and similarities between psychoanalysis and psychoanalytically oriented therapies. The degree of segregation among the treatment modalities in the psychoanalytic part of the psychotherapy spectrum seems to vary between different countries. This chapter simply uses the terms therapy and therapist as generic terms when one refer to the entire spectrum of psychoanalytic treatments and the terms psychoanalysis and psychotherapy when one refer specifically to psychoanalysis and psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapy. It introduces the Therapeutic Attitudes Scale (TASC) and some empirical differences between psychotherapists and psychoanalysts with respect to what they believe and what they do- or, at least, claim to do in their offices. The chapter presents some data and a discussion on how the beliefs and attitudes of the treatment providers interact with treatment modality, producing differential effects in psychotherapy and in psychoanalysis.
