ABSTRACT
The surgical management of spinal deformity is challenging, and numerous adverse outcomes may result from the surgical approach and correction of spinal deformity in the adolescent and adult patient. The goals of surgery for deformity of the spine include the treatment of present pain and disability and the prevention of future consequences of progressive deformity. Surgical correction of spinal deformity introduces the risk of both perioperative and long-term complications (1,2). Knowledge of these complications is important and valuable for both the patient and the surgeon. The patient benefits by gaining information on potential adverse outcomes and being empowered to make an informed choice regarding the benefits and risks of surgery (3). The surgeon treating the spinal deformity benefits from recognition of these potential complications and being informed as to the choice of surgical strategies and implant options that optimize the ability to effectively realign the spinal column while minimizing the risks of complications. Recognition of potential complications may lead to prevention of adverse outcomes in practice (4). The purpose of this chapter is to identify the major complications of deformity correction in the thoracic and lumbar spine and to suggest strategies for avoiding these complications.
