ABSTRACT

Homologous recombination, the exchange of DNA sequences between two homologous DNA molecules, is essential for the preservation of genome integrity. It contributes to the repair of a wide range of DNA lesions, including DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and DNA interstrand crosslinks (1,2). In addition, homologous recombination plays a pivotal role in underpinning genome duplication, through its role in rebuilding DNA replication forks that have collapsed due to lesions in the template DNA (3). Homologous recombination is mediated by an extensive group of proteins that need to work together in a coordinated fashion. This cooperation is necessary to choreograph the complicated DNA gymnastics which is required to accurately restore DNA damage on one molecule using information of a second homologous DNA molecule.