ABSTRACT
CHAPTER 7 BASIC PRINCIPLES OF FISH SPERMATOZOA CRYOPRESERVATION
J. Cloud and S. Patton
1. INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................... 237 2. CRYOPRESERVATION OF CELLS: AN OVERVIEW................................................ 238 3. COLLECTING AND SHIPPING MILT....................................................................... 240
3.1 Collection............................................................................................................ 240 3.2 Shipping.............................................................................................................. 240
4. ESTIMATING SPERM MOTILITY............................................................................ 240 4.1 Fertilization rate.................................................................................................. 240 4.2 Sperm motility..................................................................................................... 241
5. THE FREEZING SOLUTION...................................................................................... 242 5.1 Milt extenders..................................................................................................... 242 5.2 Cryoprotective agents....................................................................................... 243 5.3 Buffers................................................................................................................. 243 5.4 Membrane stabilizers......................................................................................... 244 5.5 Producing a simple freezing solution.............................................................. 244
6. SEMEN STRAWS: PACKAGING AND IDENTIFICATION................................... 244 6.1 Manual filling system........................................................................................ 245 6.2 Filling individual straws.................................................................................... 247
7. METHODS OF FREEZING MILT............................................................................... 247 8. FROZEN MILT INVENTORY/RETRIEVAL.............................................................. 248 9. REFERENCES............................................................................................................... 249
1. INTRODUCTION
Genetic conservation of existing fish stocks is an important goal in itself, and as a component of programs designed to insure a viable and sustainable fishery under changing environmental conditions. With the constant threat of losing genetic diversity in specific native fish stocks, the establishment of a program for the long-term storage of fish germ plasm would serve as a back-up or insurance for the presently ongoing conservation programs. Additionally, the preservation of specific stocks of wild fish will provide a genetic resource that may be important to future animal breeding programs of the aquaculture industry.
