Introduction

Corporate social responsibility has an important role to play in the socio-economic development of the Middle East and North Africa region given its high volatility and developmental needs. Managers’ environmental knowledge and values are important factors in enhancing environmental protection. Ashford mentions that “the key to success in pollution prevention is to influence managerial knowledge of and attitudes toward both technological change and environmental concern”. Environmental knowledge is defined by Fyxell and Lo as “a general knowledge of facts, concepts, and relationships concerning the natural environment and its major ecosystems,” while values are “durable concepts or convictions which relate to the desired behaviour, unfold in various situations, provide orientation when evaluating events and are organised in an order of relative importance”.