ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on three aspects of aquaculture: the status of world fisheries and aquaculture; the fish in aquaculture environments; and sustainable fisheries and aquaculture. Global fish production peaked at approximately 171 million tonnes in 2016, with aquaculture representing 47% of the total. Western aquaculture activities originated in Europe; the word “aquaculture” originated from the Latin for “water-culture”. Commercial aquaculture systems are highly intensive farming environments and include water-based systems, land-based systems, and recycling systems. The application of biotechnology will revitalize aquaculture by improving the performance of the industry. Biotechnology is the use of biological processing methods to solve problems, which can help make aquaculture sustainable. The Aquaculture Stewardship Council has developed a stringent certification system for sustainable and responsible aquaculture and has provided labeling schemes for producers. It guarantees to consumers that the seafood they are purchasing is environmentally sustainable and socially responsible.
