ABSTRACT
Data security is about the technology and policy for protecting confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data during its entire life cycle. The emerging of big data and Internet of Things brings the great attention of data privacy. The technology for ensuring data security and privacy can be summarized as controls: access controls, flow controls, inference controls, and cryptographic controls. Access controls are the selective restriction of data access for regulating who can access the data and what can be accessed. A statistical database is a database for statistical purposes through offering queries for finding statistical information from the database. Cryptographic controls are critical for protecting data confidentiality and integrity from accidental leaking or modification. Data can be generated in many different ways such as collecting data through crowdsourcing, data acquisition using sensors, or producing data from running software.
