ABSTRACT
An accurate knowledge of the sonographic anatomy of the female pelvis is a basic prerequisite for detection of any abnormality. The most significant advantage of real time is the ease of maneuverability, whereby one can quickly change scan planes and rapidly survey the pelvis, getting a three-dimensional impression of the structure under investigation. The most prominent organ on an ultrasound scan is the anteriorly located urinary bladder, which appears as an anechoic structure with thin walls. The uterus is centrally located in the female pelvis, and is the most accessible organ for ultrasound evaluation. The adnexa consist of the broad ligament, fallopian tubes, mesosalpinx, and ovaries. The fallopian tubes and the broad ligament are rarely seen as a moderately hypoechoic area extending laterally from the uterine fundus and measuring a few millimeters in thickness. Congenital uterine abnormalities are strongly associated with infertility and habitual spontaneous abortion. A common problem in clinical practice is sonographic diagnosis of adnexal mass.
