ABSTRACT
The ultrafiltration (UF) membrane allows the passage of water and low molecular weight solutes but retains macromolecules whose size is bigger than the pore size of the membrane. UF enables concentration, purification, and fractionation of macromolecules in solution to be carried out at temperatures close to ambient temperature and without phase change or addition of solvents. This protects the biochemical structure and activity of the product, giving increased yield over conventional technologies. In most instances, the onsite treatment used is biological or physicochemical. The physicochemical treatment could be either conventional or unconventional that includes the use of ultrafiltration. The fermentation of lactose in lactic acid seems not only to be very economical (since lactic acid has high economic value) but also a suitable way of treating lactoserum. The use of ultrafiltration for anaerobic digestor effluent will be helpful in enriching the bacteria which are recycled into the digester, while producing a clear effluent which can be discharged without any problem.
