ABSTRACT
There is no such thing as waste from processing raw materials harvested or grown in the oceans and fresh water bodies of the world. If all those in industry and science would discard the mind set of “waste”, it would be realized that the dreaded materials are valuable “secondary raw materials”. Total utilization of these materials can be of major economic importance while minimizing environmental effects and costs of disposing a larger portion of the primary raw material than is consumed or utilized. For many years we have been carrying out programs to better utilize the secondary raw materials currently being discarded or made into products that do not maximize the nutritional value. Sources of these materials include (1) industrial fish of high nutritional value but mostly utilized for reduction to fish meal and oil, (2) waste from processing operations, (3) discarded by-catches from a given fishery, and (4) species not being commercially exploited. Hydrolysed Fish (HF) made from these resources can be stabilized for long periods of time and utilized as a highly nutritional feed supplement for animals and as a well balanced fertilizer for a wide variety of agricultural crops. As an animal feed ingredient, HF can be prepared as a functional protein supplement and utilized in many forms of feeds, especially as a binder for fish diets. As a foliage spray applied fertilizer, HF has been demonstrated to be a superior product that overcomes many of the environmental problems caused by manufactured chemical fertilizers.
