ABSTRACT
Transfusion of blood products is usually an interim measure until the loss of red cells or platelets is compensated by a normal bone marrow, or until an effective treatment restores normal haematopoiesis. The aim of red cell transfusion in patients with chronic anaemia is to maintain the haemoglobin at a level that allows the patient to carry out activities regarded as essential in life. Leukodepletion of blood products causes a significant reduction of human leukocyte antigen-alloimmunization in previously non-exposed patients. The survival and quality of life of patients with thalassaemia major have changed dramatically since the introduction of regular transfusion regimes. Immunization to red cell antigens has been found in 8.3% of surgical patients transfused on average with 3 units of blood. Non-haemolytic febrile transfusion reactions used to be common in patients on long-term red cell or platelet support.
