ABSTRACT
Thailand is currently in a transition process from a factor-input-driven to a more knowledge-driven economy. The country's exposure to the rapid pace of globalization has prompted it to focus on the generation and effective utilization of knowledge in the course of industrialization. However, the transition to “knowledge” and a “creative” but “green” economy has not been without problems insofar as Thailand has not made much headway in the development of infrastructure and capacity for innovation and technological progress, resulting from a persistent weak and fragmented national innovation system (NIS). Hence, this chapter explores how best government policy can prepare Thailand to cope with those global and economic changes by looking into Thailand's competitiveness and sustainability with particular focus on science, technology, and innovation (STI).
