ABSTRACT
All advanced societies exhibit social inequality and, as a spatial outcome of it, residential segregation. Further, the ovewhelming evidence from segregation studies shows three concepts emerging as major conditions affecting the extent of social segregation: inequality of income and of education, and discrimination. Of these, income inequality is assumed to have the strongest impact on the spatial distribution of social groups. As has been stated earlier in this book, income inequality and poverty have increased over the last ten to fifteen years, and have led to a discussion about ‘social polarisation’ (e.g. Mingione 1991:441,461), the ‘new urban underclass’ (e.g. Fainstein 1993, Fainstein and Harloe 1992: 9–13, Kasarda 1990, Kelso 1994, Naroska 1988, Wilson 1990) or, in terms of spatial consequences, about ‘divided cities’ (e.g. Fainstein, Gordon and Harloe 1992) and the ‘dual’ or ‘quartered city’ (e.g. Marcuse 1989).
