ABSTRACT
When the above question was first posed by Flavell in 1971, the answer reflected the research community’s then predominate focus on strategies. Despite the attention paid to strategies in the late 1960s and early 1970s, the participants in the published symposium for which John Flavell served as a discussant provided some hints that other factors such as metamemory and knowledge would prove important in the studies of the 1970s. We doubt, however, they were aware then just how much effort in later years would be devoted to understanding how strategies, metacognition, knowledge (as well as a few other interesting theoretical variables, in particular, motivation and cognitive capacity) act and interact to effect memory development.
