ABSTRACT
Of all developing regions in the world, sub-Saharan Africa faces the greatest challenge in meet-
ing the Millennium Development Goals (African Development Bank [ADB], 2002). However,
some countries in the region such as Uganda, have taken steps toward achieving these goals
(United Nations Development Program [UNDP], 2005). Most of Uganda’ population is rural
based, with over 80% dependent on agriculture and related activities for livelihoods (Uganda Bureau of Statistics [UBOS], 2002). Recent research indicates reductions in per capita agricul-
tural productivity (Nkonya et al., 2004) with negative impacts on food security, household
incomes, and overall livelihood conditions. According to Bahiigwa (1999), Uganda’s per capita
food production in 1997 was 44% less than in 1970 as a result of a population growth rate (109%) that was far higher than growth in total food production (17%).
