ABSTRACT
Training strategies are central to the process of regenerating old industrialized regions. Although the need to invest increased resources in further and retraining in order to assist industry improve levels of quality and productivity is felt throughout Europe, regions that were once dependent on traditional heavy industries face even greater difficulties. As well as initial training programmes for young people and further training for people in employment, particular measures are needed to upgrade retraining opportunities for workers who are made redundant in traditional industries. North-Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) in Germany and Wales in the UK are two regions that have experienced acute structural decline and which have developed very different training policies and programmes.
