ABSTRACT
Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised individuals. Historically, the disease has been associated with malnourished children in orphanages in Poland after World War II, and subsequently with patients undergoing organ transplantation and those receiving chemotherapy for malignant disorders. Presently, the highest incidence of PCP is in patients with HIV/AIDS. Pneumocystis infection has also been reported in mildly immunocompromised children, including those with chronic lung disease.
