ABSTRACT
The risk assessment is based on one's knowledge of the biological, psychological, and social risk factors. The risk assessment addresses two related issues: the patient’s potential for self-harm (suicidality) and their potential for violence toward others. A useful mnemonic that summarizes the major risk factors for suicide is SAD PERSONAS. With regard to the risk assessment for violence, three categories of risk factors are considered: patient-related, historical, and environmental. The author approach to risk assessment mirrors that of the biological, psychological, and social formulations. The first step is to create a database, the second step is to formulate the risk assessment, and the third step is to develop a risk reduction (i.e., treatment) plan. Static risk factors are not subject to change by intervention and are typically historical; examples include demographic information and a prior history of suicide or violence. It is important to consider both the pathway and the context when formulating a risk assessment.
