small invasion vadose streams have cut shafts and underfit trenches in the drained galleries, and are lost into impenetrably small, undercapture passages continuing on down into Castleguard II. Castleguard Cave: Figure 4. “The Subway” at the lower end of Castleguard Cave, a “textbook” example of a phreatic solution conduit. It is straight and maintains the form and dimensions shown here for a distance of 500 m. (Photo by Tony Waltham)

doi:10.4324/9780203483855-90

Chapter

small invasion vadose streams have cut shafts and underfit trenches in the drained galleries, and are lost into impenetrably small, undercapture passages continuing on down into Castleguard II. Castleguard Cave: Figure 4. “The Subway” at the lower end of Castleguard Cave, a “textbook” example of a phreatic solution conduit. It is straight and maintains the form and dimensions shown here for a distance of 500 m. (Photo by Tony Waltham)

Chapter

ABSTRACT

Cave sediments, speleothems, and dating Subglacial boulders, gravel, and sand were swept or bulldozed into the head of the cave. Many were partially cemented by calcite and later eroded, indicating a long history of filling and removal. Throughout the Central Cave there are remnants of three partial fillings with varved silts and clays, separated by phases of erosion or calcite deposition. They are deposits of glacier flour, settled out of suspension when the cave became backflooded with subglacial waters.