ABSTRACT
The expansion of indigenous capitalist enterprise has been the Asian mode of establishing business networks for centuries. Although most of these businesses have been founded in family-based institutions – nuclear, extended, lineages, clan, bilateral, consanguinal or cognatic, these enterprises have always traditionally leaned towards global trade markets, by virtue of the origins of the traders and businessmen from China, India, Yemen, Kuwait, Saudi and other regions of Asia and the Nusantara. Chinese businesses have been similar to Indian in the way products from these two countries have been traded for local commodities like spices, tin, gold, textiles, resin and other forest products.
